山东成人高考英语--考试题型专讲专练三：完形填空

考试题型专讲专练三：完形填空

1）题型特点

专升本的完形填空共有15道小题，每小题2分，共三十分。

完形填空是单句选择填空和篇章阅读的结合体，因此在解题时要既考虑单个的选项又要考虑整体篇章的意义。因为多了上下文的信息所以完型填空的难度应小于第二部分的题型词汇与语法的选择填空。完形填空题的考察重点和第二部分单选题大同小异,所不同的是增加了整篇阅读的综合分析和判断，完形填空题的选择项可能是名词,动词,形容词,介词,副词或连词等词汇题，也可能是动词非谓语的变化或动词的时态语态等语法题。 除了扎实的语法基础和词汇基础外,还要求考生有良好的语感以及对各选项的综合分析判断能力

2） 解题步骤：

（1）通读全篇 了解篇章结构和大意

用1至2分钟的时间快读全文，快读全文是为了把握文章的大意和中心，把握文章发展的基本线索。快读中，可以不管空格，对要填的内容做一大概的猜测即可。

（2）详读全篇，根据各种综合信息预测填空的单词

在掌握文章大意的基础上根据上下文提供的搭配,结构,语意等线索来预测答案,要着眼空格所在的完整句子,瞻前顾后.必要时用铅笔先在卷上做上标记，比如此空可能是某个词性或词义乃至可能是某个词。重点解决与结构搭配有关的问题。如果有些填空一时难以作出判断，不要恋战而是继续往下进行,往往进行到下文,前面的填空的信息就会出现或者有了一些有用的线索。做题时，文章首句和尾句要特别注意，前者往往是文章全貌的窗口，后者往往是起画龙点睛作用和总结性句子。有些固定搭配的空缺或是上下文有明显提示的空缺在没有看到所给的四个选项之前就可以锁定，这样再看所给选项选择时既很有把握也能节省一部分时间。

（3）将预测答案和所给的四个选项进行比对，找出重叠率最高的选项

（4）核对全文，核对的意义不是第二次重做，而是要检查前后是否贯通，内容是否含糊矛盾，再从语法角度仔细检查，以便弥补疏漏。

（5）对于个别难度较大的选项，这种选项往往是同义词语，不容易辨别出它们之间的细微差别，则要凭自己的第一感觉，这和胡猜是两码事，这里是用语感在做选择。

3） 解题技巧：

做完形填空时 在遵循以上几个步骤的同时 还要注意解题思路和技巧

（1）搭配判断法

根据对以往考试的分析，搭配形题目在完形填空中占的比例最重，搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配熟练程度，比如说哪些词要搭配不定式、动名词或某种从句，那些词必须与某个介词搭配，我们在复习时要特别注意 短语动词和介词的搭配。

（2）结构判断法

结构型问题主要包括句型、句式连接词的选择等，解题时要运用句法知识，把握关键词，从而做出迅速正确的判断，完形空中有很多是利用语法的正确性与逻辑的排斥性之间的矛盾来设计的，因此考生应结合上下文的合理性，及意义关系的逻辑性，选择最佳答案，完形填空中常考的逻辑关系主要有：A.转折，让步 B.因果关系 C.表示递进，补充关系 D.表示对比 比较关系。

（3） 词义判断法

词汇型问题也是完型填空的一个考点，主要测试考生在段落语篇中把握语义连贯性的能力，提供选择的词可能是近义词，形近词，也可能是随意拼凑的四个选项，遇到这类题，既要联系上下文又要有扎实的词汇基础有时还必须根据自己的文化背景知识做出判断。

4） 注意事项

（1） 切勿拿题就做，不看全文。

（2） 注意通篇文章的关联度，切勿把每个填空割裂开来做。

（3） 切勿把时间和精力消耗在翻译文章上，遇到不认识的词和不明白的句子除非是影响到填空选项的选择，否则可以放在一边。

5）完形填空专项练习：

A.

What do we mean   1   a perfect English pronunciation? In one sense there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it.    2   two speakers speak in exactly the same way. We can always hear differences  3     them, and the pronunciation of English varies a great deal in different geographical   4  . How do we decide what sort of English to use   5   a model? This is not a question that can be   6       in the same way for all foreign learners of English. When you live in a part of the world like India or West Africa,   7    there is a long   8           of speaking English     9    general communication purposes, you should     10   to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be a fashion in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or   11   of the sort.  12   the other hand, if you live in a country  13   there is no traditional use of English, you must take as your model some fore of native English pronunciation. It does not   14    very much which form you choose. The most   15  way is to take as your model the sort of English you can hear most often.

B.

Canada is the second largest country in the world in area, although its     1     is only some 25 million, most    2   in a 200-mile strip        3    the southern border. Over 25 percent of the    4    number live in the three main cities. The northern areas of the country are almost uninhabited    5    for isolated settlements.

Canada is    6   a rich country, and its national    7    per capita is fifth highest in the world, but its economy in recent years has been rather patchy  8   the varied nature of what it does.

Over the last three years, the Canadian economy has been hard   9   by falling oil prices and by rising US interest   10   .This has   11    to a steep fall in industrial production ——by as much as a fifth since 1981. some   12    now think Canada is on the   13     to recovery, though more cautious spirits say that no   14    can be expected   15   there is a tendency to lower interest rates in the USA.

C

The computer is fast, and never makes a mistake, while people are too slow, and full of mistakes sometimes. That’s  1  people often say when  2  talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, scientists have been  3  better and better computers. Now a computer can  4  a lot of  5  jobs wonderfully. It is  6  used in factories, hospitals, post offices and airports. A computer can report, decide and control in almost  7  field. Many computer scientists are thinking of  8    the computer “think” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can  9  pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize voices, translate languages and so on. Perhaps computers will  10  really think and feel. Do you think the people will be afraid  11  they find that the computer is too clever to listen to and serve the people? No, people will  12  better use of the computers in  13  future. Man is  14  the master of the computer. The computer works only  15  the help of man. It cannot take the place of man.